Our Research

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Signal49 Research is Canada’s foremost independent applied research organization, delivering rigorous, unbiased, evidence-based insights to help Canadians navigate complex challenges. Each year, we publish over 500 research outputs, offering trusted data, forecasts, and analysis to inform decision-making and drive progress.

Our Work

We are an independent, non-partisan, not-for-profit organization guided by the public interest and committed to real-world impact. We create rigorous, evidence-based research that leaders can trust to inform confident decision-making. A proudly Canadian organization, we focus on understanding the country’s most pressing challenges and advancing prosperity and wellbeing for all who live here.

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Latest Research by Topic

Discover the latest data, analysis, and commentary from our economists and researchers on the most urgent issues facing communities, organizations, and the country.

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Canadians’ Inflation Expectations for March 2026

Inflation Expectations Hold Steady in March Canadians are holding steady to their one-year inflation expectations—3.3 per cent for a third consecutive month—with slightly more individuals expecting inflation to increase above…

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Index of Consumer Spending for February 2026

Job Losses Hold Consumer Spending Flat in February Canada’s Index of Consumer Spending (ICS) rose by just 0.3 points in February, with Quebec posting the largest provincial gain and Saskatchewan…

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Canadian Hiring Index for April 2026

Job Postings Edge Up Marginally in March Canadian hiring activity showed a modest rebound in March, with the hiring index rising 1.7 points—its first monthly gain after four consecutive declines….
Series:GrowthNow

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GrowthNow for January 2026

Muted growth amid external headwinds In this monthly report, we analyze the latest economic trends—including trade and employment—and provide a real-time forecast of Canada’s real GDP growth. What does our…

Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector—April 2026

From Newcomers to Game Changers: Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector  Canada’s construction sector is facing acute labour shortages, yet immigrant talent remains underutilized. Involuntary part-time work and overeducation…

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Canadians’ Inflation Expectations for March 2026

Inflation Expectations Hold Steady in March Canadians are holding steady to their one-year inflation expectations—3.3 per cent for a third consecutive month—with slightly more individuals expecting inflation to increase above…

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Canada’s Five-Year Energy Outlook—April 2026

Global Conflict and Domestic Opportunity This quarter, we look at oil and gas prices and production, the impact of the war in Iran, and what we can expect in energy…

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Canada’s Five-Year Government Outlook—April 2026

Investment and Healthcare Take Priority The federal government will prioritize investments in defence spending, with an announced $82 billion in extra spending on defence by 2030. The public sector will…

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Prince Edward Island’s Travel Markets Outlook—February 2026

Bounce-back in American Tourists to Support Growth in Visitors in 2026 The completion of the expansion of the Charlottetown Airport Terminal, along with a reduction in bridge and ferry tolls,…

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Quebec’s Travel Markets Outlook—February 2026

Overseas Visitors Brighten the Picture In this biannual report, we consider the five-year outlook for Quebec’s tourism industry, forecasting domestic, United States, and overseas tourist activity and focusing on Montréal…

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Ontario’s Travel Markets Outlook—February 2026

U.S. Travel Rebounds as Demographics Constrain Domestic Demand This quarter, we consider the five-year outlook for the tourism industry in Ontario, including domestic, United States, and overseas tourist activity and…

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Yukon’s Travel Markets Outlook—February 2026

Growth Hinges on Pace of U.S. Traveller Rebound Shifting Canadian travel patterns in the wake of changing Canada–United States relations will remain the pre-eminent driver of the tourism outlook for…

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Benefits Benchmarking: Designing Competitive Programs—April 2026

Benefits Benchmarking 2026: Insights for Designing Competitive Benefits Programs Benefits Benchmarking 2026: Insights for Designing Competitive Benefits Programs summarizes the results of our Benefits Benchmarking 2025 survey. The findings are…

Inclusive Workplaces Start With Understanding—March 2026

Inclusive Workplaces Start With Understanding Stigma can limit a person’s ability to succeed at work. It shows up when people hold false beliefs or make unfair judgments about others. How…

Les lieux de travail inclusifs commencent par la compréhension—mars 2026

Les lieux de travail inclusifs commencent par la compréhension La stigmatisation peut limiter la capacité d’une personne à réussir au travail. Elle se manifeste lorsque les gens ont des croyances…

How Mentorship Makes a Difference—March 2026

Helping everyone belong: How mentorship makes a difference We surveyed 1,000 people who identified as having a disability. We also spoke with 30 mentors and mentees to learn about their…

From Doing What’s Required to Doing What’s Right—March 2026

From Doing What’s Required to Doing What’s Right Employees with a disability are often reluctant to tell their employers about it. Young workers may not know how to ask for…

Neurodivergent Self-Employment Resources—March 2026 

Advancing Pathways to Neurodivergent Self-Employment: A Resource for Supported Employment Providers This resource is based on insights from 75 self-employed neurodivergent Canadians and 70 stakeholders in supported employment, adult education,…

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U.S.’s Five-Year Outlook—April 2026

Prices Up, Jobs Down, and Risks Abound Turmoil for the U.S. economy is showing no signs of slowing down, with last year’s headwinds now being compounded by the latest conflict…

Bank of Canada Holds Policy Rate Amid Middle East Uncertainty

The Bank of Canada held the target for the overnight rate at 2.25 per cent, with the Bank Rate at 2.50 per cent and the deposit rate at 2.20 per…
Series:Trade

Exports See Largest Decline since April 2025

Canada’s merchandise exports declined 4.7 per cent (month-over-month) in January. Meanwhile, imports were down 1.1 per cent. As a result, Canada’s merchandise trade deficit widened from $1.3 billion in December…

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U.S.’s Five-Year Outlook—March 2026

Cool-down Before the Warmup Given the level of uncertainty surrounding global trade policy, our forecast presents a scenario operating under the assumption of a 15.0 per cent effective tariff rate…
Series:Trade

Rising Unwrought Gold Exports Behind the Trade Balance Improvement

Canada’s merchandise exports increased 2.6 per cent (month-over-month) in December 2025. Meanwhile, imports were up 0.6 per cent. As a result, Canada’s merchandise trade deficit narrowed from $2.6 billion in…

Impact of Canada’s Chronic Pain Network—April 2026

Driving Change in Chronic Pain: Impact of the Chronic Pain Network In this research we examine the impact of the Chronic Pain Network’s “big tent” role in supporting research into…

Canada Healthcare Workforce Retention & Migration—April 2026

Retaining Canada’s Healthcare Workforce In this research, we examine migration dynamics over the past several years for people working in seven healthcare roles in Canada: physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, physiotherapists,…

Economic Value of Shingles Vaccination—March 2026

Guarding Health, Driving Productivity: The Economic Value of Shingles Vaccination Healthy aging helps older adults continue contributing to the economy through employment, caregiving, volunteering, and community engagement. Vaccinating against shingles—which…

Canada’s Genomics Market Potential—February 2026

Canada’s Genomics Advantage: Domestic strengths and global market potential Genomics has a wide range of applications in the economy. For example, precision medicine enables personalized treatments; high-yield, drought-tolerant seeds increase…

Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Hospitality Sector—April 2026

From Newcomers to Game Changers: Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Hospitality Sector Immigrants are more likely than Canadian-born workers to be overeducated for their jobs in hospitality. However, many employers…

Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector—April 2026

From Newcomers to Game Changers: Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector  Canada’s construction sector is facing acute labour shortages, yet immigrant talent remains underutilized. Involuntary part-time work and overeducation…

Canada Healthcare Workforce Retention & Migration—April 2026

Retaining Canada’s Healthcare Workforce In this research, we examine migration dynamics over the past several years for people working in seven healthcare roles in Canada: physicians, nurses, dentists, pharmacists, physiotherapists,…

A Scorecard for Immigrant Skill Utilization—April 2026

From Newcomers to Game-Changers: A Scorecard for Immigrant Skill Utilization Canada selects highly skilled and educated immigrants for permanent residency, yet many find themselves either unemployed or working below their…

Indigenous Economic Realities: $104-billion Opportunity—April 2026

Indigenous Economic Realities: A $104-Billion Opportunity for Indigenous Economic Involvement From coast to coast to coast, Indigenous peoples are showing how project development can be done differently. They are building…

Self-Employment and Indigenous Export Potential—March 2026

Mapping Indigenous Export Potential: The Intersection of Indigenous Self-Employment With Canada’s Export Economy This research analyzes 2001 and 2021 Census data to examine the representation and distribution of self-employed Indigenous…

Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector—April 2026

From Newcomers to Game Changers: Immigrant Skill Utilization in the Construction Sector  Canada’s construction sector is facing acute labour shortages, yet immigrant talent remains underutilized. Involuntary part-time work and overeducation…

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Canada’s Five-Year Energy Outlook—April 2026

Global Conflict and Domestic Opportunity This quarter, we look at oil and gas prices and production, the impact of the war in Iran, and what we can expect in energy…

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Housing Market Update for March 2026

Housing Market Performances are Mixed Now. Spring Will be the Test This month, we describe persistent softness of the national resale market but a modest uptick in housing starts. Why…

Uncovering the Value of Marketing in Canada—March 2026

Uncovering the Value of Marketing in Canada In this research, we examine the economic impact of marketing activities generated by both specialized firms and organizations with an in-house component on…

Strengthening Skilled Trades in Construction—March 2026

Building Tomorrow: Strengthening the Skilled Trades Workforce in Construction The construction industry needs to attract new talent. However, stigma continues to discourage students from entering skills trades training programs and…

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Industry Lens: Agriculture—March 2026

Outgrowing Its Own Margins In the latter half of the decade, Canada’s agriculture industry will be shaped by slower global economic growth, heightened geopolitical fragmentation, increased climate variability, and rising…

Why We Need to Rebuild Work Around Wellbeing

Across Canada, many conversations about employee wellbeing have stalled — not because leaders lack concern (our research shows quite the opposite), but because the problem has proven far more complex…

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Benefits Benchmarking: Designing Competitive Programs—April 2026

Benefits Benchmarking 2026: Insights for Designing Competitive Benefits Programs Benefits Benchmarking 2026: Insights for Designing Competitive Benefits Programs summarizes the results of our Benefits Benchmarking 2025 survey. The findings are…

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Benefits Benchmarking Data Dashboard—April 2026

Benefits Benchmarking 2026: Instant Insights From Benefits Data In this research, we summarize the results of our Benefits Benchmarking survey in fall 2025 and a short follow-up survey in early…

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Series:HR Metrics

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HR Metrics Annual Report: New Baselines—April 2026

HR Metrics Benchmarking New Baselines for 2026—April 2026 HR Metrics Benchmarking: New Baselines for 2026 summarizes the data collected in the four quarterly HR Metrics Benchmarking surveys in 2025. The…
Series:HR Metrics

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HR Metrics Q4—April 2026

HR Metrics Quarterly: Q4 2025 In this research, we provide access to human resources benchmarking data compiled from a total of 125 organizations, representing 526,990 employees, for the fourth quarter…
6 min read

Federal Spring Economic Update 2026: Sticking to the Plan

Français The spring economic update showed that the federal government is doubling down on its plan to build the nation, with most policy measures focused on boosting private investment. A…

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Alberta’s Five-Year Outlook—March 2026

Uncertainties and Opportunities Though Alberta’s economy continues to diversify beyond its traditional resource base, natural resources remain the province’s anchor. This leaves it sensitive to swings in global commodity prices,…

Ontario Budget 2026: Another Province with Bigger-than-expected Deficits

Persistent trade tensions with the United States and global economic uncertainty have once again disrupted Ontario’s fiscal outlook, leading to an expected deficit of $13.8 billion for fiscal year 2026–27,…

AI on the Horizon: April 17, 2026

Agentic AI for All Canada’s latest AI news on the economy, society, and policy. What happens when AI stops acting like a better autocomplete and starts behaving more like a…

Rethinking How Canada Forecasts Skills Supply—April 2026

From Jobs to Journeys: Rethinking How Canada Forecasts Skills Supply Most tools for forecasting skills supply are outdated. In this report, we highlight our new skills forecasting model—the Career Paths…

The Future of Learning and Development in Canada—April 2026

Level Up: Shaping the Future of Learning and Development in Canada Canadian employers want to equip their workers with the skills to adapt and take on new responsibilities, but do…

Strengthening Skilled Trades in Construction—March 2026

Building Tomorrow: Strengthening the Skilled Trades Workforce in Construction The construction industry needs to attract new talent. However, stigma continues to discourage students from entering skills trades training programs and…

Advancing Career Services in a Changing Job Market—March 2026

Advancing Career Services: Supporting Post-Secondary Career Professionals in a Changing Job Market This resource is based on insights from 75 self-employed neurodivergent Canadians and 70 stakeholders in supported employment, adult…

A New Era in Energy in Canada with Mark Parsons and Pedro Antunes

Leadership Perspectives: Economic Matters, Episode 23 Listen on Apple Podcasts Listen on Spotify All Leadership Perspective Episodes In this episode we explore the changing relationship around energy and potential for…

Tracking Social Impacts of Canadian Wildfires—December 2025

Canada’s Wildfire Blind Spot: The Missing Data on Social Impacts Discussions around Canadian wildfires often focus on their physical impacts, but overlook their social impacts. This limits the effectiveness of…

Skill Shifts in Canada’s Primary Industries—October 2025

Tech-Driven Skill Shifts in Canada’s Mining and Oil and Gas Industries In this research, we examine how emerging technologies are reshaping work in the mining and oil and gas industries…

Emissions Reduction and Demand for Skilled Trades—August 2025

Building Tomorrow: Canada’s Emissions Reduction Plan and Future Demand for Skilled Trades In this research, we examine the potential impact of policies outlined in Canada’s 2030 Emissions Reduction Plan on…

Employment Impacts of Canada’s Emission Reduction Plan—July 2025

Employment Impacts of Canada’s Emission Reduction Plan This research examines the effect of the federal government’s Emission Reduction Plan (ERP) on Canada’s labour market, using Signal49 Research’s Long-Term Forecasting Model…

Comparing Canadian and U.S. Patent Holders—April 2026

Who Are Canada’s Key Patent Holders? A Comparative Analysis With the U.S. Holders Canada exhibits higher patent concentration than the U.S. in several technology areas. In microstructural and nanotechnology, Canada’s…

Guiding AI Adoption Among Small Businesses—April 2026

Small Business, Big Potential: Guiding AI Adoption Among Small Businesses Small and medium-sized enterprises underpin our economy, but if they’re unable to stay competitive with efficiency-enhancing technologies it could widen…

AI on the Horizon: April 17, 2026

Agentic AI for All Canada’s latest AI news on the economy, society, and policy. What happens when AI stops acting like a better autocomplete and starts behaving more like a…

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Uncovering the Value of Marketing in Canada—March 2026

Uncovering the Value of Marketing in Canada In this research, we examine the economic impact of marketing activities generated by both specialized firms and organizations with an in-house component on…

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Major City Insights: Moncton—April 2026

Charting growth through turbulence This quarter, we examine how Moncton’s economy is faring amid the headwinds of cooling population growth and broader economic uncertainty weighing on business and consumer activity….

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Major City Insights: St. Catharines–Niagara—April 2026

Growth slows, but bright spots ahead This quarter, we assess the headwinds facing the St. Catharines–Niagara economy, particularly tariffs, weak business and consumer spending, and slowing population growth. Despite these…

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Major City Insights: Kingston—April 2026

Defence spending buffers institutional squeeze This quarter, we assess the headwinds facing Kingston’s economy, particularly cuts to international student study permits, stalled population growth, provincial fiscal pressure, and ongoing international…

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Major City Insights: Oshawa—April 2026

Manufacturing to Keep Struggling, but Bright Spots Elsewhere This quarter, we assess the headwinds facing Oshawa’s economy, particularly U.S. tariffs and slower population growth. Despite these challenges, what are the…

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Major City Insights: St. John’s—March 2026

Slowing growth for the foreseeable future This quarter, we examine how slowing population growth, federal immigration caps, and fiscal pressures are shaping the outlook for the St. John’s economy. To…

Impact paper
Understand the long-term implications of policy or program choices. Impact papers combine rigorous research and analysis to project potential outcomes, risks, and benefits, helping decision-makers assess strategic paths with confidence.

Issue briefing
Get focused analysis on a single issue or policy question affecting Canada. Issue briefings outline challenges, context and implications, helping policymakers and leaders evaluate problems and possible responses.

Data briefing
Access concise, data-driven summaries on key economic, social or sectoral trends. Data briefings deliver timely statistics and analysis to help leaders monitor shifts and make evidence-based decisions grounded in current data.

Data dashboards
Data dashboards present rich data in concise forms that allow users to manipulate and parse data for their own purposes. Ideal for people who want to dig into the data themselves.

Case study
Explore real-world examples that spotlight how organizations or communities implemented policies or practices. Case studies reveal lessons, outcomes and practical insights that help leaders replicate success or avoid pitfalls in similar contexts.

Online Experience
Engage with interactive or multimedia content that delivers focused research in accessible formats. Online experiences provide short, digestible insights that make complex findings easy to explore and share across audiences.

Primer
Get a clear, foundational overview of a topic or emerging issue. Primers introduce essential background, definitions and context, equipping readers with baseline knowledge before diving deeper into detailed research.

Spotlight
Highlight emerging trends, promising practices or important developments in a given area. Spotlights bring attention to what matters now, helping leaders stay aware of shifts and opportunities early.

Summary for executives
Receive a sharp, concise digest of key findings and recommendations, tailored for busy decision-makers. Summaries for executives distill full research into actionable takeaways for strategic planning or policy response.

Leaders’ roundtable insights
Gain high-level perspectives from convened senior leaders and stakeholders. Leaders’ roundtable insights distill key takeaways, consensus views, and strategic considerations emerging from expert dialogue, guiding policy and organizational direction.

Listening Tour insights
Get grounded perspectives from Canadians across regions and sectors. Listening Tour insights synthesize candid feedback from diverse participants to surface emerging priorities, public sentiment, and actionable ideas, giving decision-makers a clear pulse on what matters most.  

Quick take
Quick takes offer instant, concise analysis of emerging trends, helping leaders respond quickly to what’s shaping Canada’s economy and society.

Podcast
Our podcasts share thoughtful conversations that combine expert insight with real-world perspectives on Canada’s most pressing issues.

Webinar
Live or recorded webinars bring research to life, enabling leaders to explore findings, ask questions, and hear directly from researchers and practitioners.

Commentary
Commentaries highlight economic, social, and policy developments and trends and interpret data to help leaders anticipate change.

Op-ed
Op-eds that have appeared on media sites are archived on our website. They provide evidence-informed analysis, make the case for change, and help leaders think critically.

Listening tour (CCGP): Interactive, high-energy sessions where leaders from across sectors collaborate to challenge assumptions, share insights, and co-create bold, practical solutions for Canada’s future. Reports produced after these events help inform action and policy.

Summit: Large-scale flagship gatherings where senior leaders explore major economic, workforce, and policy challenges. Expert insights, peer exchange, and forward-looking discussions help attendees gain a deeper understanding of emerging trends and their implications.

Virtual: Live, online experiences that connect leaders across regions for timely, accessible conversations on Canada’s most pressing issues. Offering convenience without sacrificing depth or engagement, these sessions blend expert perspectives with interactive discussion to surface insights and practical takeaways.

Webinar: Led by subject-matter experts, these focused, insight-driven sessions explore specific topics and emerging trends shaping the economy, workforce, and policy landscape, delivering clear analysis, key data points, and actionable implications.

Council meetings: Member-only peer-to-peer forums where senior leaders share challenges, test ideas, and learn from one another in a confidential setting. Discussion, expert input, and real-world case insights support better decision-making, and participants leave with practical strategies, new connections, and a broader perspective.   

Knowledge Areas

Our knowledge areas are powered by world-class subject matter experts, researchers, and economists producing evidence-based research and forecasts that help Canada’s leaders make informed decisions, address challenges, and shape policies and strategies.

Research Series

Stay informed with recurring reports, forecasts, podcasts, and expert commentary covering the economy, human resources, education, innovation, and thought leadership.

Each publication provides timely data, insights, and analysis to help leaders navigate challenges and make confident, forward-looking decisions.





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